Emissions Gap Report 2025
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
UNEP’s annual comparison of where global emissions are heading under current policies and pledges, and where they would need to be to meet the Paris Agreement temperature goals.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Climate Policy and Finance
Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report (AR6)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The closing report of the IPCC Sixth Assessment cycle. It draws the three working group reports and three special reports into one integrated view of observed change, future risks, and response options.
Climate Science
Climate Adaptation
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Net Zero Roadmap: A Global Pathway to Keep the 1.5°C Goal in Reach (2023 Update)
International Energy Agency (IEA)
An energy-sector scenario describing how global energy supply and demand could change to reach net zero CO2 emissions by mid-century, with milestones for renewables, efficiency, electrification and methane.
Renewable Energy
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Working Group II assessment of how climate change affects ecosystems, biodiversity and people, who is most vulnerable, and what adaptation can and cannot achieve.
Climate Adaptation
Nature and Biodiversity
Sustainable Development
Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Working Group III assessment of emissions trends and mitigation pathways across energy, industry, buildings, transport, land use and cities, including the role of policy and finance.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Renewable Energy
Climate Policy and Finance
Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Working Group I assessment of the physical climate system: observations, attribution, climate sensitivity, regional change and future projections. Includes an interactive atlas of regional information.
Global Methane Assessment: Benefits and Costs of Mitigating Methane Emissions
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)
An assessment of methane sources across fossil fuels, waste and agriculture, the mitigation measures available, and the climate, health and crop benefits of acting on methane this decade.
Super Pollutants
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
IPCC Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Methodological guidance that updates and supplements the 2006 Guidelines. It sets out how to estimate emissions and removals by sector, from energy and industry to agriculture, land use and waste.
Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)
A global assessment of the state of nature, the direct and indirect drivers of biodiversity loss, and the options for transformative change.
Nature and Biodiversity
Sustainable Development
Global Warming of 1.5°C (Special Report)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
A special report on the impacts of 1.5°C of warming above pre-industrial levels and the emission pathways that would be consistent with it, set in the context of sustainable development and poverty reduction.
Climate Science
Sustainable Development
State of the Global Climate 2025
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
WMO’s flagship annual report on the climate indicators for 2025: temperature, greenhouse gas concentrations, ocean heat, sea level, sea ice and glaciers, alongside extreme events.
NASA Climate Change: evidence, causes and effects
NASA Science
Plain-language explanations of how scientists know the climate is changing, built on satellite and ground observations, with data visualisations and key indicators.
UNFCCC documents on national commitments and collective progress
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
The primary source for the international climate process: the Convention and Paris Agreement, national climate plans (NDCs), synthesis reports and decisions from the annual negotiations.
Climate Policy and Finance
Climate Promise: resources on national climate commitments and adaptation
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Explainers, country stories and guidance from UNDP on preparing and implementing national climate commitments, including adaptation planning and climate finance.
Climate Adaptation
Climate Policy and Finance
Sustainable Development
IPCC reports library
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The full list of IPCC assessment reports, special reports and methodology reports, from the first assessment to the current cycle.
Climate Science
Climate Adaptation
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
WMO publications library
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
WMO’s library of bulletins and reports on climate monitoring, greenhouse gases, water, and weather and climate services.